[TASK] Revert "Port RteLinkBrowser to TypeScript"

This change introduced a flaw in the RteLinkBrowser JS file
which needs to override LinkBrowser class instead of just
writing RteLinkBrowser.

See https://review.typo3.org/#/c/53062/
This reverts commit c5d75c15.

Resolves: #81630
Reverts: #81444
Releases: master
Change-Id: I4a3a9dc52bd6b9cee183ba6411389e8da2eebd21
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/53274


Reviewed-by: Susanne Moog <susanne.moog@typo3.org>
Tested-by: TYPO3com <no-reply@typo3.com>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>