[TASK] Remove nearly any evidence of jQuery in dashboard

This patch removes most of the jQuery usages from EXT:dashboard. It's
kept at places where we can't refrain from using jQuery right now, as
this is a limition in our API.

Resolves: #90553
Releases: master
Change-Id: Ib00a287099e412cea95c913c52c89441decffa15
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/63451


Tested-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Tested-by: TYPO3com <noreply@typo3.com>
Tested-by: Susanne Moog <look@susi.dev>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Reviewed-by: Susanne Moog <look@susi.dev>