[TASK] Adjust possible dbms versions in `Build/Scripts/runTests.sh`

This changed adjusts the `Build/Scripts/runTests.sh` support for the
different database types and versions. That means, which version for
which types can be selected for functional and/or acceptance tests.

Additionally, the help text output is enhanced to list information
about the support of database versions provided by the vendors, on
actual published release informations:

* https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb-server-release-dates/
* https://www.postgresql.org/support/versioning/
* https://endoflife.software/applications/databases/mysql

Available versions are choosen for supported versions of the TYPO3
core version, see following matrix as generic overview.

**NOTE** Be aware, that this does not mean that tests are green
         with all version. This only enables execution through
         `Build/Scripts/runTests.sh` for now. `CI` adjustments
         are done afterwards in a dedicated shuffle change.

mysql
-----

* 5.5 unmaintained since 2018-12    (11.5, 10.4)
* 5.6 unmaintained since 2021-02    (11.5, 10.4)
* 5.7 maintained until 2023-10      (11.5, 10.4)
* 8.0 maintained until 2026-04      (main, 11.5)

mariadb
-------

* 10.1  short-term, no longer maintained        (11.5, 10.4)
* 10.2  short-term, no longer maintained        (11.5, 10.4)
* 10.3  short-term, maintained until 2023-05-25 (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.4  short-term, maintained until 2024-06-18 (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.5  short-term, maintained until 2025-06-24 (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.6  long-term, maintained until 2026-06     (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.7  short-term, no longer maintained        (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.8  short-term, maintained until 2023-05    (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.9  short-term, maintained until 2023-08    (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.10 short-term, maintained until 2023-11    (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 10.11 long-term, maintained until 2028-02     (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 11.0  development series                      (main) [not working]
* 11.1  short-term development series           (main) [not working]

postgres
--------

* 9.6 unmaintained since 2021-11-11 (11.5, 10.4)
* 10  unmaintained since 2022-11-10 (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 11  maintained until 2023-11-09   (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 12  maintained until 2024-11-14   (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 13  maintained until 2025-11-13   (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 14  maintained until 2026-11-12   (main, 11.5, 10.4)
* 15  maintained until 2027-11-11   (main, 11.5, 10.4)

Resolves: #100492
Releases: main, 11.5, 10.4
Change-Id: Iac5d4f799fd05ed7b766d1a9db95481caea2f898
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/78499


Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>