[TASK] Raise `doctrine/dbal:^3.7.0`

The doctrine team realeased `doctrine/dbal 3.7.0`
recently and this change raises the dependency to that
version. Extension authors activating `doctrine/dbal`
deprecation will then get the newest `doctrine/dbal`
deprecations included in that release.

That helps in preparation for planned `doctrine/dbal 4.x`
upgrade with TYPO3 v13 to avoid stumpling into breaking
changes.

Used command(s):

> composer require --no-update \
   -d typo3/sysext/core \
   "doctrine/dbal":"^3.7.0" ; \
  composer require --no-update \
   -d typo3/sysext/install \
   "doctrine/dbal":"^3.7.0" ; \
  composer require --no-update \
   -d typo3/sysext/redirects \
   "doctrine/dbal":"^3.7.0" ; \
  composer require \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^3.7.0"

Resolves: #102042
Releases: main, 12.4
Change-Id: I34ee939fc94078df2006ad338d1e7ff1cac14a5f
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/81258


Reviewed-by: Nikita Hovratov <nikita.h@live.de>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: Nikita Hovratov <nikita.h@live.de>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Fernandez <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>
Tested-by: Andreas Fernandez <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>