[TASK] Make password policy ContextData DTO more flexible

The current ContextData DTO contains a fixed set of
properties for usage in password policy validators.

In order to make the DTO more flexible, the class now
internally uses an array to store data as key/value pairs.
Additionally, the methods `getData()` and `setData()` have
been added, which extension authors can use in upcoming
PSR-14 events in order to enrich the object with custom
data.

Resolves: #99574
Releases: main
Signed-off-by: Torben Hansen <derhansen@gmail.com>
Change-Id: I5d3f0a389ff699c684ba66dd09be1633338075bc
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/78004


Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Reviewed-by: Georg Ringer <georg.ringer@gmail.com>
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Tested-by: Georg Ringer <georg.ringer@gmail.com>