[TASK] Run PHP8.3 functional tests

Resolves: #101552
Releases: main, 12.4, 11.5
Change-Id: If9f12fa195f119b715e163c578188d8634b68b50
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/80315


Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>
Reviewed-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>