[TASK] Upgrade TypeScript to 3.8.2

Executed commands:

  yarn add --dev typescript@~3.8.2
  yarn upgrade --pattern "^@types"
  grunt build

Resolves: #90495
Releases: master
Change-Id: Ie60cc8dd2bdc971f1e904865cc616ed384b9fc10
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/63377


Tested-by: Susanne Moog <look@susi.dev>
Tested-by: TYPO3com <noreply@typo3.com>
Tested-by: Andreas Fernandez <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>
Reviewed-by: Susanne Moog <look@susi.dev>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Fernandez <a.fernandez@scripting-base.de>