[TASK] Raise `phpstan/phpstan:^1.12.1`

This change raises the phpstan package to ensure a
stable check across version which is required due
to changed detection behavior (bugfixes).

Used command(s):

> composer require --dev "phpstan/phpstan":"^1.12.1"
> Build/Scripts/runTests.sh -s phpstanGenerateBaseline

Resolves: #104813
Releases: main, 12.4
Change-Id: Ia196033a9340d3ce87691eec1da67d6169312962
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/85865


Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Reviewed-by: Garvin Hicking <gh@faktor-e.de>
Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Reviewed-by: Simon Praetorius <simon@praetorius.me>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: Simon Praetorius <simon@praetorius.me>
Tested-by: Garvin Hicking <gh@faktor-e.de>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>