[TASK] Fix phpstan checkFunctionArgumentTypes errors in ext:core LinkHandling

This patch fixes incompatible type usage in function arguments
and is preparatory work for introducing native type hints and
strict mode in all core files.

Releases: master, 10.4
Resolves: #92256
Change-Id: Iffa47071ef75ff1453d76864acef853240da81df
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/65670


Tested-by: TYPO3com <noreply@typo3.com>
Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Tested-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Tested-by: Daniel Goerz <daniel.goerz@posteo.de>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Goerz <daniel.goerz@posteo.de>