[TASK] Use stable `doctrine/dbal:^4`

Doctrine DBAL released the stable version for
the next major version, v4.0.0. [1]

This change upgrades to the stable version
and ends the usage of the release candidate
as intermediate solution.

Stability workaround for the distribution
test composer.json is removed.

> \
  composer req --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/redirects \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0" ; \
  composer req --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/core \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0" ; \
  composer req --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/install \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0" ; \
  composer req -W \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0"

> COMPOSER=composer.dist.json composer rem --no-update \
    -d Build/composer "doctrine/dbal"

[1] https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases/tag/4.0.0

Resolves: #103029
Related: #102875
Releases: main
Change-Id: I36986769273822473a6ee9133af19c0c253b64e8
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/82776
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stef...