[BUGFIX] Unify handling of reading from sys_log.log_data

This change allows using PSR-3 provided placeholders
such as "{myVariable}" in various places related to logging
rendering, and fixes places in DataHandler where
placeholders weren't used in the past and hard-coded
strings were used instead of labels.

Various logging calls to sys_log can now be read in
a unified way, as the Logging API already used the
placeholders in some places.

Resolves: #97148
Releases: main, 11.5
Change-Id: Idd248fe6b5edf4dbc0476a602ba3dbb1d165b588
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/73873


Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>