[TASK] Replace prophecy in EXT:core ProductionExceptionHandlerTest

Resolves: #98791
Releases: main
Change-Id: I092627dc7555156be9e2cb5d67e1de928f386bea
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/76706


Tested-by: Oliver Klee <typo3-coding@oliverklee.de>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Klee <typo3-coding@oliverklee.de>
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Nikita Hovratov <nikita.h@live.de>
Reviewed-by: Nikita Hovratov <nikita.h@live.de>