[TASK] Fix phpstan checkFunctionArgumentTypes errors in ext:core Cache

This patch fixes incompatible type usage in function arguments
and is preparatory work for introducing native type hints and
strict mode in all core files.

Releases: master, 10.4
Resolves: #92265
Change-Id: I0c53064dc7b719ea266d54a169e2c16c924d1060
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/65663


Tested-by: TYPO3com <noreply@typo3.com>
Tested-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Tested-by: Alexander Schnitzler <git@alexanderschnitzler.de>
Tested-by: Daniel Goerz <daniel.goerz@posteo.de>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Klee <typo3-coding@oliverklee.de>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Schnitzler <git@alexanderschnitzler.de>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Goerz <daniel.goerz@posteo.de>