[TASK] Update TypeScript to 5.3 and update its friends

This commit updates TypeScript to 5.3 and related packages used for
JavaScript building.

Executed commands:

    npm install --save-dev \
        @typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin@^6.13.1 \
        @typescript-eslint/parser@^6.13.1 \
        @typescript-eslint/typescript-estree@^6.13.1 \
        eslint@^8.54.0 \
        eslint-plugin-lit@^1.10.1 \
        eslint-plugin-wc@^2.0.4 \
        typescript@^5.3.2
    npm run build

Updated `eslint` packages revealed issues in the
`@typo3/backend/page-tree/page-tree` module that are fixed along with
the updates.

Resolves: #102564
Releases: main, 12.4
Change-Id: Ibd2ff74b3ea2b42511cf775a94f1725d08e4065d
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/82048


Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Reviewed-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Tested-by: Benjamin Franzke <ben@bnf.dev>
Tested-by: Oliver Bartsch <bo@cedev.de>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Franzke <ben@bnf.dev>