[TASK] Refer to active content element in Fluid image exception

This patch adds context information to all exceptions thrown
in ImageViewHelpers which helps to localize missing image
files. The new exception messages include a reference to the
current table and uid, e. g. "tt_content:123".

The patch also applies the existing test cases of <f:image />
to <f:uri.image /> which currently has no test coverage.

Releases: main, 12.4
Resolves: #102448
Change-Id: I87bae2f0a4a4ab160cbe92b039ed816b659b18e9
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/82143


Reviewed-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Tested-by: Christian Kuhn <lolli@schwarzbu.ch>