[FEATURE] Introduce Doctrine DBAL v3 driver middlewares

Since v3, Doctrine DBAL supports adding custom driver
middlewares. These middlewares act as a decorator around
the actual `Driver` component. Subsequently, the `Connection`,
`Statement` and `Result` components can be decorated as well.

A new setting is introduced to register custom driver
middlewares that will automatically be added to a newly
established Doctrine database connection.

Resolves: #100089
Releases: main
Change-Id: I4cf8e0252c3241f49ce1b9adb68cb85d978e164b
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/78029


Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>
Reviewed-by: Benni Mack <benni@typo3.org>